What does internal redundancy in a bridge refer to?

Internal redundancy in a bridge refers to the presence of multiple structural elements that contribute to the bridge's ability to distribute loads and maintain stability, even if one element fails. When a bridge design incorporates three or more elements that are mechanically fastened together, this provides a backup system. If one element were to weaken or fail, others can take on the load, allowing the bridge to continue functioning safely.

This concept is critical for ensuring safety and reliability, as it mitigates the risk associated with potential structural weaknesses. Bridges with high internal redundancy are generally considered safer because they can better tolerate damage or degradation over time without catastrophic failure.