National Highway Institute (NHI) Safety Inspection of In-Service Bridges Final Assessment Practice Exam

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• Two-girder bridges are similar to multi-girder bridges but include what feature?
• Which type of settlement can cause severe distress in a bridge?
• Where are shear key joints located?
• Which components are listed as primary elements for an arch bridge?
• Which scour occurs when there is no bed material transport upstream of the bridge?
• Dye penetrant testing is used to identify what?
• Which inspection method is used to monitor defect growth under load by detecting elastic waves from active deficiencies?
• The impact echo test is primarily used for which purpose in concrete structures?
• Which term denotes the bottom of the channel?
• Pile bent piers are connected to what structural element at the top?
• What movement occurs as uniform settlement or differential settlement?
• In bank stability, which term refers to the first mode of bank failure?
• Which term refers to the entire area beneath the bridge that is available to pass flood flows?
• What does railing on a bridge do?
• Which are moveable bearing types?
• Which drainage component is a perforated pipe along the back face of the abutment?
• In a Channel Beam, which are designated as primary members?
• Which joint feature uses two blocks of neoprene connected by a thin sheet spanning the joint?
• Which method is used on flat surfaces to evaluate thickness using high frequency sounds?
• Which bridge type is typically used in curved bridges and is a steel box-girder or box-beam design?
• Fixed bearings are best described as:
• Elastomeric bearings are best described as bearings that primarily rely on which material behavior?
• Acoustic wave testing is used to delineate what in concrete structures?
• Which term describes rectangular rock or cobble filled wire mesh baskets anchored together to the surface they are protecting?
• Which term describes a superstructure composed of reinforced concrete slab that can be a single unit or a series of narrow slabs placed parallel to the roadway alignment?
• Railing design and testing guidelines are found in which document?
• For box girder bridges, which design characteristic is correct?
• Anchorage zones are located in which feature?
• Which method checks vibrating frequency to determine sound timber or members?
• The transition between the approach guardrail system and the bridge railing is intended to:
• Prestressing steel is stressed below which property?
• Which property describes cohesive bank material?
• Which of the following is NOT a listed guardrail end type?
• Which term describes the third mode of bank failure characterized by advanced lateral erosion?
• Which end treatment is considered an acceptable approach guardrail end?
• Which term denotes protective layers of material surrounding the footing of the substructure unit?
• Which type of settlement has little effect on the structure?
• Which term describes rigid concrete pavement or flexible protective mats placed on the bottom of the streambed?
• Pourable joint seal is composed of which materials and supports what movement?
• Which statement best describes the purpose of approach guardrail ends?
• The D-meter is used to determine member thickness and is distinct from methods that detect internal flaws.
• Which statement best differentiates column piers from column pier web walls?
• Which scour occurs when local scour at the substructure is accompanied by bed material transport in the upstream waterway?
• In a Two Girder system, which components are considered secondary members?
• Which characteristic is associated with multi-girder bridges?
• Which type of lighting is used to alert aircraft that a hazard exists below?
• Column pier web wall is described as:
• Which term is used when evaluating whether a bridge is fracture critical?
• Ground penetrating radar primarily uses what to obtain subsurface information?
• Dive inspection Level III is characterized by which feature?
• Which scour term describes the lowering of the stream at a bridge caused by short-term changes in downstream water elevation that recur?
• Which lighting is used to safely control a waterway?
• Pot bearing arrangement includes which features?
• Which term describes the vertical distance between the design flood water surface and the lowest point of the superstructure?
• Which non-destructive testing method detects small surface cracks using an electromagnetic field and can be used on painted steel?
• Which statement best describes a rigid frame bridge?
• Dye penetrant testing is applicable to which type of material?
• Which term refers to the sloped sides of the channel?
• Which method examines internal structure of steel for deficiencies or discontinuities and requires access to both sides of the steel?
• Column piers are chosen when:
• Protection devices from vessel impact damage include which components?
• Which term represents the vertical clearance above the flood water surface used in design?
• Which term encompasses geotextiles, wire mesh, riprap, paving, intended to protect the slope from erosion, slipping, or to withstand external hydraulic pressure?
• Which bridge type is described as suitable for simple spans of 75 feet or more?
• Which lighting is used to alert aircraft that a hazard exists below?
• What signs alert drivers of existing or potentially hazardous conditions?
• What movement occurs due to unsymmetrical settlement, lateral movement, or a combination due to horizontal earth pressure?
• What is the typical simple-span length for Two Girder bridges?
• Which bridge type is described as steel box-girder or box-beam with two or more top flanges and web plates connected to a single bottom flange?
• Which form of scour is the general lowering of the stream bed at a bridge due to downstream water elevation changes that recur?
• Which term describes the general and progressive lowering of the channel bed due to erosion, typically over long reaches?
• Which joint is typically used on longer spans?
• Which of the following is NOT a consideration when determining the appraisal rating for bridge railing and approach items 36A-36D?
• Which term describes the first mode of bank failure: onset of lateral stream migration?
• What is the term for a removable plug in a piping system that allows access for cleaning downspout pipes?
• Which of the following is NOT part of the top four tests for subsurface deficiencies in steel?
• Which term refers to the interior spans being continuous to allow load transfer from span to span?
• The D-meter is described as a mini UT device used to detect what?
• Which joint uses a neoprene seal in grooves and can move up to 4 inches?
• Which NDE technique detects surface or sub-surface flaws and can only be applied to ferromagnetic materials?
• What is the purpose of guide signs?
• Compression joint seal is typically described as which of the following?
• What movement occurs when the horizontal earth pressure exceeds the friction forces that hold the structure in place?
• Which measures are designed to resist erosive forces without significantly altering the flow?
• Which feature is an inlet on a bridge designed to receive water and is covered by a grate to keep out large debris?
• A CIP Tee Beam is defined by which cross-section arrangement?
• Precast Prestressed Slab uses which feature to join panels into a single unit?
• Which material characterizes a cellular joint seal?
• Movement for a compression joint seal?
• In I-beam or bulb-beam systems, which statement correctly describes the primary and secondary components?
• Which component directly directs deck drainage from the outlet pipe?
• What is the primary purpose of the drainage system in a bridge?
• Which pier type is characterized by separate footings?
• Enclosed or concealed bearings are characterized by which condition?
• Which bridge type includes internal stiffeners as part of its description?
• Which term describes degradation of the channel with abrupt changes in water surface elevation and then migrates upstream?
• Sonic testing is used to detect what in timber?
• A moisture meter determines what in timber members?
• Roller and rocker bearings are characterized by:
• Which scour occurs when local scour at the substructure is accompanied by bed material transport in the upstream waterway?
• An assembly joint without seal is described as which arrangement?
• Which description matches an assembly joint with seal-plank?
• Which term describes the second mode of bank failure: bank slides down into the channel?
• Which of the following is a guardrail end type?
• What term describes river engineering structures that modify the flow of water to influence hydraulic conditions around a bridge or bank?
• Which bank material is noncohesive and erodes grain by grain from the streambank?
• Which feature is located under open joints to divert runoff away from components?
• Which system uses perforated pipes routed along back face of the abutment and channeled to a nearby waterway or storm water drainage system?
• Disk bearings may allow which movement?
• Which term describes the second mode of bank failure where the bank slides into the channel?
• Clacking refers to which sound?
• Electrical / Half Cell Potential evaluates corrosion activity of reinforcing steel in concrete and requires exposed rebar.
• What is the typical span range for adjacent box beam configurations?
• Which term refers to protective layers surrounding the footing of a substructure unit?
• Pinging refers to the sound of which material?
• What is the maximum span length for Channel Beams?
• What is the function of outlet pipes in the bridge drainage system?
• In channel misalignment, which term is described as the fourth mode of bank failure?
• What is the primary structural behavior of an arch bridge?
• Which term describes dikes that extend upstream from the approach embankment on either side of a bridge opening to direct flow through the opening?
• Which statement best describes the effect of uniform settlement on a bridge?
• Disk bearing is defined by which features?
• Which statement best defines caissons?
• Which of the following is a sign of vertical movement?
• Which term describes a condition where a bridge member contains three or more elements mechanically fastened?
• Which bridge type includes a floor system between girders to support the deck?
• What are small drainage holes found in abutment stems and retaining walls which allow water to drain from behind abutment?
• What term describes general and progressive lowering of the channel bed due to erosion, usually over relatively long channels?
• Spectral analysis uses sonic waves to produce what in timber members?
• A pachometer is used to determine the position of reinforcement and the adequacy of concrete cover. Which description best fits this instrument?
• Which condition does the term 'narrow underpass' indicate?
• Vibration testing checks vibrating frequency to determine sound members.
• Dive inspection Level II is described as which activity?
• Which joint configuration allows the greatest movement, typically 4 to 24 inches?
• Which feature is associated with fracture-critical evaluation in bridges?
• Pile bent piers can be made from which materials?
• Which joint is characterized by moving in multiple directions and uses closed-cell foam?
• What term refers to layers or facing of properly sized and graded rock or broken concrete placed or dumped to protect an abutment, pier, or embankment from erosion?
• In adjacent box beam layouts, which statement is true regarding their arrangement?
• Which term denotes the sloped sides of the channel?
• What term refers to open holes or embedded tubes similar to scuppers?
• Which slab type is described as precast prestressed with multiple narrow units and shear keys to allow panels to act as one single unit?
• Acoustic Emission Testing listens for sounds from active deficiencies by detecting what?
• Moveable bearings are designed to
• Solid shaft pier is used when:
• Multi-beams used for bridge inspection have which of the following characteristics?
• Which description matches an assembly joint without seal, commonly called a finger plate?
• Open expansion joints are defined by what characteristic?
• Which term describes load being distributed to other members if one member fails but the entire bridge structure would not fail?
• What is the function of inlets in the bridge drainage system?
• Pourable joint seal is composed of which materials?
• What is the purpose of the approach guardrails?
• Which term describes the combination of water, suspended sediment, and debris moving through the channel?
• Within box beam configurations, which feature is characteristic of box beams?
• Which term is defined as well-defined and confines the streamflow during normal flow conditions?
• During Dive Inspection Level I, which condition may necessitate tactile inspection?
• Traffic regulatory signs are designed to:
• Which method uses magnetic fields and iron particles to reveal surface flaws?
• Sliding plate bearing is defined by which feature?
• What is the maximum movement for an assembly joint without seal?
• What directs drainage to nearby storm drain?
• Which of the following is one of the top four tests for subsurface deficiencies?
• Which term is defined as the lowest elevation in the stream bed?
• In I-beam or bulb-beam prestressed concrete systems, which feature is used to create composite action with the deck?
• What is the main inspection area for FRP bridges?
• Which term describes the zone between the approach guardrail and the bridge railing?
• In adjacent box beam configurations, what function can the top flange serve?
• Which is one of the top four tests for small surface deficiencies in steel?
• What term refers to rigid concrete pavement or flexible protective mats placed on bottom of the streambed?
• Which item is a type of crash-tested feature for rail and transition?
• Which of the following is NOT part of railing conformance criteria?
• Which statement describes an assembly joint with seal-sheet?
• A CIP Tee Beam is best described by which cross-section arrangement?
• Which term describes water, suspended sediment, and any debris moving through the channel?
• Which term is used to describe the protective measures that guard slopes from erosion, slipping, or hydraulic pressure?
• What is the practical span range for spread box beam configurations?
• Which method uses sonic waves to produce stress waves in timber members?
• What is the function of downspout pipes in bridge drainage?
• Pot bearings are characterized by which combination of features?
• Flexure cracks are primarily in which direction relative to the primary reinforcement?
• Which instrument is capable of detecting delaminations in asphalt layers?
• Under channel misalignment, what happens to the stream flow relative to bridge abutments?
• In spread box beam configurations, which statement is accurate about spacing?
• What is the number one cause of bridge failures?
• A Channel Beam is typically constructed as which methods?
• Which item consists of open holes or embedded tubes similar to scuppers?
• What is the function of grade and cross slope in bridge drainage?
• What is the purpose of the approach guardrail ends?
• Which bridge type has spans from about 50 to over 200 feet and moments are transferred around the knee?
• Which scour is the removal of stream material under a structure only, as a direct result of accelerated stream velocity and can be triggered by natural constrictions?
• Which term describes the third mode of bank failure: advanced state of lateral erosion?
• Which of the following is a foam-filled guardrail end type?
• Cantilever or hammerhead piers are typically used with which type of superstructures?
• Which term refers to linear rock structures designed to protect the stream bank by reducing flow velocity?
• Which term describes the progressive buildup of the channel bed due to sediment deposition?
• Which scour occurs around an obstruction placed within the stream?
• Rotational movement in bridge structures is primarily caused by which condition?
• Eddy Current uses AC current to detect small surface cracks and flaws in steel and can be used on painted steel.
• Which pier type is common for highway grade crossings?
• Which term describes the area outside the channel where flood waters can pass?
• Which statement about fixed bearings is true?
• Cofferdam & foundation seal are used to achieve what?
• Which term is the bottom of the channel?
• What term describes rectangular rock or cobble filled wire mesh baskets anchored together to the surface they are protecting?
• Which is NOT part of railing conformance criteria?
• What are caissons?
• Which statement about steel box-girder or box-beam bridges is true?
• What is the main function of barriers on bridges?
• Which instrument can measure the thickness of an asphalt covering?
• In arch bridges, what does the spandrel refer to?
• Dive inspection Level I is defined as which type of inspection?
• Which testing method can delineate areas of internal cracking in concrete?
• Which term describes the overbank area outside of the channel, which is available to pass flood flows?
• Which dive inspection level is used to detect hidden or interior damage?
• Pile bent piers are installed by which method?
• A Two Girders bridge is usually characterized by which deck arrangement?
• In steel frame bridges, moments are transferred around which structural feature?
• What is the inlet on a bridge that receives water, with grate or perforated cover to keep out large debris?
• Strip seal expansion joint features which of the following?
• Which of the following is NOT listed among the top 3 tests to evaluate internal cracks in truss pins?
• Which feature is used to safely control a waterway?
• Flood plain is defined as the overbank area outside the channel which carries flood flows beyond channel capacity. What term describes this area?
• Which term refers to the streamflow stage prevailing during the greater part of the year?
• A field ohmmeter detects decay by measuring what in timber?