What is a common consequence of differential settlement in bridge structures?

Differential settlement in bridge structures occurs when different parts of the bridge settle at varying rates or to different extents. This uneven settling can lead to severe structural distress, which is a significant consequence that affects the integrity and overall performance of the bridge. When a bridge experiences differential settlement, it can cause misalignment of various structural components, resulting in distorted bridge geometry, cracked supports, and compromised connections. Such impacts can ultimately lead to increased stresses in structural elements, potential failure of critical components, and may pose safety risks to the users of the bridge.

In contrast to the other options, which suggest positive outcomes or minimal effects, the reality of differential settlement is typically detrimental. Improved stability and enhanced functionality are not realistic outcomes of this phenomenon, while claiming no noticeable effect would overlook the serious implications associated with misalignment and possible structural failure that can arise from differential settlement.